Looking at the example of Captain America: The Winter Soldier I will be analysing 3 aspects of the film industry:
- Production
- Distribution
- Exhibition
Production: The production process can be split into 3 parts:
-Pre-production which entails scripting, story boarding, planning etc
-Production which is the capturing of film materials
-Post-production which involves editing and all other processes which go towards the creation of a master copy.
Pre-production: In the case of Captain America: The winter soldier pre-production would have involved casting (of characters which are not already pre-cast through other Marvel movies "Avengers Assemble"), Prop and wardrobe preparation, location scouting, scripting, story boarding and a large variety of other essential processes which will contribute to production.
Production: The production process is arguably the most lengthy as this is when all shooting, C.G.I. animations, production of the film score and other elements of production take place. Within the industry the beginning of this phase is known as "the point of no return" as it is no longer financially viable to cancel a project. The Captain America project is being produced by Marvel studios.
Post-production: This stage of film production involves editing of video footage, editing and addition of foley, adding titles and graphics, adding special effects, shooting "pick ups"(additional shots that are shot when a mistake is made or a scene is altered/added), etc.
Distribution: Working in conjunction with Marvel Studios is Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures who are distributing the film.
The distribution process is the process in which a movie is made available to be watched by an audience. There are 4 main types of film release which are as follows:
Standard release: In the standard the standard release format a movie is release in in cinema (theatrical window), then, after approximately 16 and a half weeks
it is released to DVD (entering its video window). After an additional number of months it is released to Pay TV and "Video on Demand" services and approximately two years after its release in cinemas, it is made available for free-to-air TV (Sky often exploits this on sky movies and sky anytime). Captain America: The winter soldier is most like to be in this format.
Simultaneous release: This "experimental" form of release is a process whereby a film is made available to purchase on all forms of media within a very short time frame. While it allows the consumer to choose their viewing experience some claim it destroys the magic of movie going M. Night Shyamalan being one example, A film that did well with a simultaneous release campaign was "Bubble" 2006. This form of release allows for a distribution company to save money as it only needs on advertising campaign.
Straight to video release: This form of release bi-passes the theatrical window and releases straight onto DVD and blu ray. This form of distribution is most popular amongst independent film-makers.
Straight to internet: This is often the platform of free web series and independent movies. Due to the high risk of piracy no mainstream film has tried a straight to internet release.
Exhibition: Exhibition is the retail branch of the film industry. It involves not the
production or the distribution of motion pictures, but their public
screening, usually for paying customers in a site devoted to such
screenings, the movie theater. What the exhibitor sells is the experience
of a film (and, frequently, concessions like soft drinks and popcorn).
Because exhibitors to some extent control how films are programmed,
promoted, and presented to the public, they have considerable influence
over the box-office success and, more importantly, the reception of films. In the case of Captain America: The Winter Soldier CineEurope has held public previews showing a pre-recorded video of co-director Joe Russo, who declared, “It’s going to be much greater than any Marvel movie to date.”